Dave Brubeck (1920, 2012) was a pianist and composer who fundamentally expanded what jazz could be. His formal training in classical music gave him an unusual harmonic vocabulary for jazz, and he wasn't afraid to write in unusual time signatures when the melody demanded it. Brubeck's quartet became one of the most commercially successful jazz groups in history, proving that adventurous music could reach mainstream audiences without compromise.
Take Five, composed by saxophonist Paul Desmond and recorded on Brubeck's 1959 album Time Out, became one of the best-known jazz standards in the world. The piece's 5/4 meter was a genuine oddity for popular music at the time, yet the melody is so natural and the groove so infectious that it sounds inevitable. Desmond's restraint and lyricism balanced Brubeck's harmonic sophistication, creating a piece that works equally well as a listening experience and a vehicle for ensemble improvisation.