Igor Stravinsky (1882–1971) stands among the most influential composers of the twentieth century, fundamentally reshaping how musicians think about rhythm, orchestration, and harmonic color. His early ballets for Sergei Diaghilev's Ballets Russes, including Petrushka (1911), announced a composer unafraid to challenge conventions. Stravinsky's approach to melody, dissonance, and folk material influenced generations of composers and remains central to understanding modern music.